Indus valley civilization

 Indus Valley Civilization was one of the earliest and most advanced civilizations in the world. It developed around 2500 BCE along the banks of the Indus River and its tributaries in present-day Pakistan and north-western India. The civilization was first discovered in the 1920s with the excavation of the cities of Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. It is well known for its advanced town planning, including straight roads, grid-pattern streets, houses made of baked bricks, and an efficient drainage system. Other important sites include Lothal, Kalibangan, and Dholavira.  The people mainly depended on agriculture, trade, and crafts, cultivating crops like wheat and barley and trading with distant regions such as Mesopotamia. Archaeological findings such as seals with animal figures, pottery, jewelry, tools, granaries, and the famous bronze “Dancing Girl” statue show their artistic skills and cultural development. Although the exact reason for the decline of the civilization is still un...